Astrocytes are the most numerous and diverse glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are divided into two main subtypes on the basis of differences in their cellular morphologies and anatomical locations: protoplasmic or fibrous. Protoplasmic astrocytes exhibit a morphology of many fine branches, which are expressed in a uniform globoid distribution, and are found throughout all grey matter. Fibrous astrocytes exhibit a long fiber-like morphology and are found throughout all white matter. Studies indicate that both protoplasmic and fibrous astrocytes make extensive contacts with blood vessels and form gap junctions between the distal processes of adjacent astrocytes. |
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